[The role of private geriatricians in the health care system (2/2): comprehensive qualitative analysis using semi-structured interviews]. / Rôle des gériatres libéraux dans le système de santé (2/2) : analyse qualitative compréhensive par entretiens semi-dirigés.

Private geriatricians report heterogeneous practices, while the specialty as a whole is questioning its model. We conducted semi-structured interviews to understand how private geriatricians viewed their role in the health care system. They report a certain homogeneity in their conception of their role, which corresponds to that of geriatricians as a whole: there seems to be a professional identity for geriatrics.

Creativity at the margins: A cross-country case study on how Dutch and Norwegian peripheries address challenges to quality work in care for older persons.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral areas are often overlooked in health-care research but they in fact deserve specific attention. Such areas struggle to maintain access to good quality health-care services due to their geographical context. At the same time, new interventions or promising innovations often emerge in places where creativity is urgently needed. In this paper, we explore this creativity at the margins in older persons care organizations in peripheral areas, which other healthcare providers and policymakers can learn from. METHODS: This exploratory study is based on two large research projects on the quality of care for older persons in Norway and the Netherlands. We performed secondary analysis of interviews with quality managers and other quality workers and used additional document analysis and expert interviews to deepen our analysis. RESULTS: The results show that older persons care organizations working in peripheral areas must deal with a number of challenges caused by their geographical context, e.g. geographical distances (between services and to the geographical center), workforce shortages, and landscape characteristics. We found that organizations use different strategies to tackle these challenges, such as scaling up, brightening up and opening up. These strategies, conceptualized as creativity at the margins, impact quality work in different ways, for example by enabling more person-centered care. CONCLUSION: We conclude that both policymakers and research should overcome their peripheral blindness by learning from and supporting creativity at the margins in future policies and research.

Identification of risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fractures by a risk stratification index model: A retrospective study.

INTRODUCTION: Postoperative delirium is one of the most common and dangerous psychiatric complications after hip surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery and to identify risk factors for such, as part of developing a risk stratification index (RSI) system to predict a patient's risk of postoperative delirium. METHODS: Elderly patients (aged 65 years or older) with hip fractures who had received surgical treatment in our hospital between March 2018 and December 2019 were retrospectively included. Clinical data were collected, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relevant risk factors of postoperative delirium. An RSI system was developed based on factors identified in the regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 272 patients included, 52 (19.12%) experienced postoperative delirium. Drinking history (> 3/ week), the perioperative lactic acid level (Lac > 2 mmol/L), postoperative visual analog score (VAS) > 3, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status > II, application of the bispectral index, and preoperative diabetes were independent risk factors of postoperative delirium. When RSI ≥ 5, the rate of postoperative delirium significantly increased (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The RSI system developed here can safely guide postoperative outcomes of elderly patients with hip fractures, and RSI ≥ 5 may be able to predict the onset of postoperative delirium.

[Elderly people, dependency and vulnerability in the coronavirus pandemic: an emergency for a social and health integration]. / Personas mayores, dependencia y vulnerabilidad en la pandemia por coronavirus: emergencia de una integración social y sanitaria.

The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (COVID-19) is affecting elderly people worldwide with greater incidence and severity. In Spain, 68% of all coronavirus hospitalizations correspond to those over 60 years of age. This work aims to highlight the evidence about the measures to be implemented through current and future guidelines. The need to prepare for action by implementing international protocols stand out. There is a trend towards biopsychosocial care of elderly people in all settings where they are, adapting care and personalizing decisions on hospital admissions, palliative care, among other criteria, to years adjusted to quality of life, as well as alternatives for monitoring and treatment of COVID-19 pathology and others existing in this population group. Measures to reduce the transmission of the virus through hygiene and social distancing are necessary, attending to biopsychosocial health of the elderly isolated. Intersectoral communication is proposed as innovative alternatives, and the use of technological tools, accompanied by adequate digital health literacy. Future lines focus on guaranteeing social and health rights, equating the social and health system at the same level, and achieving real coordination. A new framework of person-centered care could be a great ally to achieve integrated care for the elderly, guided by an increase in resources bound to funding longevity research projects.

Qualidade de vida de idosos com insuficiência cardíaca

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de idosos com diagnóstico de insuficiência cardíaca acompanhados no ambulatório de um hospital universitário em Salvador, Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Material e Método: Estudo avaliativo, realizado com 68 idosos portadores de insuficiência cardíaca. Os dados foram coletados a partir das escalas WHOQOL-OLD e BREF, e analisados por meio da estatística descritiva. Resultados: Houve equivalência entre os sexos dos participantes, a maioria (64,7%) tinha entre 60 e 69 anos, 86,8% aposentados, 83,8% ensino fundamental, 92,6% renda de 1 a 3 salários mínimos, 82,3% moravam com 1 ou mais pessoas e 72,1% eram provedores exclusivos do lar. Os fatores relacionados aos domínios Físico (83,8%) e Meio Ambiente (86,8%) influenciaram para uma pior qualidade de vida (média 1,96 e 1,76 de 5 respectivamente), e os relacionados ao Funcionamento do Sensório (51,5%) e Morte e Morrer (47,1%) à melhor qualidade de vida (média 2,43 e 2,28 de 5 respectivamente). Conclusão: A qualidade de vida desses idosos está aquém do ideal. A manutenção dos impactos das doenças cardíacas e o incremento no envelhecimento em âmbito global torna essencial o conhecimento proporcionado pelo estudo para desenvolvimento de estratégias de controle da doença, melhoramento da qualidade de vida e redução de gastos com a saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the quality of life of elderly patients diagnosed with heart failure in an outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Salvador, State of Bahia, Brazil. Material and Method: Evaluative study performed with 68 patients with heart failure. Data was collected from WHOQOL-OLD and BREF scales and then analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: There was similar gender representation. Most of the participants were between 60 to 69 years old (64.7%), retired (86.8%), had attended primary school (83.8%), received 1 to 3 minimum wages (92.6%), lived with 1 or more people (82.3%) and 72.1% were the sole providers of their families. The elements related to the Physical (83.8%) and Environmental Domain (86.8%) were linked to a worse quality of life (average 1.96 and 1.76 of 5, respectively) and those related to Sensory Functioning (51.5%) and Death and Dying (47.1%) were linked to a better quality of life (average 2.43 and 2.28 of 5, respectively). Conclusion: The quality of life of the assessed population is worse than expected. The impact from heart disease and the increase in aging globally makes this study essential for the development of strategies to control the disease, improve the quality of life and reduce healthcare costs.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de vida de las personas mayores diagnosticadas con insuficiencia cardíaca y en seguimiento en la clínica ambulatoria de un hospital universitario en Salvador, Estado de Bahía, Brasil. Material y Método: Estudio evaluativo, realizado con 68 personas mayores con insuficiencia cardíaca. Los datos fueron recolectados usando las escalas WHOQOL-OLD y BREF, y analizados con estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Hubo equivalencia entre los sexos de los participantes, la mayoría (64, 7%) tenía entre 60 y 69 años, 86, 8% jubilados, 83,8% con educación primaria, 92,6% ingresos de 1 a 3 salarios mínimos, 82,3% vivían con 1 o más personas y 72,1% eran proveedores exclusivos del hogar. Los factores relacionados con los dominios Físico (83,8%) y Medio Ambiente (86,8%) influyeron en una peor calidad de vida (promedio 1,96 y 1,76 de 5 respectivamente), y aquellos relacionados con la Función Sensorial (51,5%) y Muerte y morir (47,1%) para la mejor calidad de vida (promedio 2,43 y 2,28 de 5 respectivamente). Conclusión: La calidad de vida de estas personas mayores es menos que ideal. Mantener los impactos de las enfermedades cardíacas y aumentar el envejecimiento global hace que el conocimiento proporcionado por el estudio sea esencial para desarrollar estrategias para controlar la enfermedad, mejorar la calidad de vida y reducir los costos de salud.

Efecto del Sacubitril / Valsartan sobre las variables clínicas, de laboratorio y ecocardiográficas utilizadas para el control de la insuficiencia cardíaca con fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo reducida (FEVIr) de los pacientes activos del Programa de Insuficiencia Cardíaca (PIC) del Hospital Clínica Bíblica / Effect of Sacubitril / Valsartan on the clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic variables used for the control of heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEFr) in active patients of the Heart Failure Program (HFP) of the Hospital Clínica Bíblica

Resumen Introducción y objetivos: La Insuficiencia Cardíaca (IC) es un síndrome frecuente en la población adulta. Sacubitril / Valsartán (S/V) es un tratamiento novedoso para esta patología. El presente estudio pretende analizar el efecto de este medicamento sobre las variables clínicas, de laboratorio y ecocardiográficas en pacientes con IC con FEVIr. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo de los expedientes de los pacientes del PIC que tuvieran prescrito S/V. De estos, se recopilaron datos basales y de seguimiento de los principales parámetros de relevancia pronóstica, para estos pacientes. Luego se cuantificaron los cambios generados en el tiempo una vez establecido el tratamiento y se hicieron análisis estadísticos para validar si los cambios fueron significativos. Resultados: De la totalidad de pacientes del PIC, 27 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, con una edad promedio de 70 años y en donde 37.0% se encontraron en la dosis meta después de un seguimiento promedio de 16.4 meses. A través del estudio fue posible encontrar una diferencia estadísticamente significativa para el cambio en la FEVI para 17 pacientes (p=0.016). En los pacientes en los que se pudo recopilar la información se observó que el NT-proBNP mejoró en un 68.75%, por su parte la caminata de 6 minutos mejoró en un 77.8%. Además, solamente 7.4% de los pacientes empeoraron en su escala funcional NYHA, 7.4% fallecieron y 3.7% sufrieron hospitalización durante el estudio. Conclusiones: Basados en los parámetros estudiados y a través de los cambios generados durante el tiempo de seguimiento, fue posible definir una mejoría en los pacientes tras el uso de S/V, asociado también a una baja mortalidad e incidencia de hospitalizaciones.

Abstract Effect of Sacubitril / Valsartan on the clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic variables used for the control of heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEFr) in active patients of the Heart Failure Program (HFP) of the Hospital Clínica Bíblica Introduction and objectives: Heart failure (HF) is a common syndrome in the adult population. Sacubitril /Valsartan (S/V) is a novel treatment for this pathology. This study aims to analyze the effect of this medication on clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic variables in patients with HF and left ventricular eyección fracción reduced (LVEFr). Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted on patients records who are enrolled in the Heart Failure Program (HFP) and have been prescribed with S/V. For these patients, baseline and follow-up data was collected for relevant parameters. Changes over time were then quantified once the treatment with S/V was initiated, and a statistical analysis was conducted to validate whether the changes were significant. Results: Of all HFP patients, 27 met the inclusion criteria, with an average age of 70 years and where 37.0% of them were at the target dose after an average follow- up of 16.4 months. Through the study it was possible to find a statistically significant difference in a change for the ejection fraction in 17 patients (p.0.016). In patients with available clinical data, it was observed that NT-proBNP improved by 68.75%, meanwhile the 6-minute walk improved by 77.8%. In addition, only 7.4% of patients worsened their NYHA functional scale, 3.7% were hospitalized and 7.4% died during the time. Conclusions: Based on the studied parameters and throughout all the clinical changes during the follow-up time, it was possible to establish an improvement in patients after the S/V therapy, which is also associated with a low hospitalization incidence and a low mortality rate.

Autopercepção negativa da saúde: prevalência e fatores associados entre idosos assistidos em centro de referência / Negative self-perception of health: prevalence and associated factors among elderly assisted in a reference center

Resumo A autopercepção do estado de saúde constitui relevante construto para a análise das condições de saúde da população idosa e deve ser reconhecida como instrumento norteador de ações de promoção da saúde. Objetivou-se verificar a prevalência e os fatores associados à autopercepção negativa da saúde em idosos assistidos em serviço de referência. Pesquisa transversal analítica, realizada em 2015, com amostra por conveniência. Investigou-se a associação entre autopercepção negativa da saúde e variáveis sociodemográficas e relacionadas à saúde. Para averiguar as variáveis associadas ao desfecho, processaram-se análises bivariadas, seguidas de análise múltipla por Regressão de Poisson. Foram avaliados 360 idosos. A prevalência de autopercepção negativa da saúde foi de 60,5%. No modelo final, identificaram-se os fatores associados: idade na faixa de 65 a 79 anos (RP=1; IC95%=0,648-0,974; p=0,027); fragilidade (RP=1,28; IC95%=1,07-1,54; p=0,007); sintomas depressivos (RP=1,40; IC95%=1,19-1,67; p=0,000); prestar cuidados a alguém (RP=1,49; IC95%=1,18-1,88; p=0,001). A elevada prevalência de autopercepção negativa da saúde e os fatores associados indicam a necessidade de ações efetivas de promoção da saúde e cuidados mais específicos aos idosos assistidos no centro de referência.

Abstract The negative self-perception of health is a relevant construct for the analysis of the elderly population health conditions and should be recognized as a guiding tool for health promotion actions. We aimed to verify the prevalence and the associated factors to a negative self-perception of health by elderly assisted in a reference center. This is an analytical cross-sectional study with convenience sampling conducted in 2015. The negative self-perception association with health-related sociodemographic variables was investigated. Bivariate analysis followed by multiple analysis by Poisson regression was performed to verify the variables associated with the outcome. Three hundred sixty elderly were evaluated. The negative self-perception of health prevalence was 60.5%. The following associated factors were identified in the final model: age range 65-79 years (PR=1; CI95%=0.648-0.974; p=0.027); frailty (PR=1.28; CI95%=1.07-1.54; p=0.007); depressive symptoms (PR=1.40; CI95%=1.19-1.67; p=0.000); and providing care to someone (PR=1.49; CI95%=1.18-1.88; p=0.001). The elevated prevalence of negative self-perception of health and the associated factors point to the need for effective health promotion actions and more specific care for the elderly assisted in the reference center.

Cartografia de um serviço de atenção domiciliar e seus planos de visibilidade / Cartography of a home care service and its visibility plans

Resumo Cuidar de pessoas doentes em seus domicílios remete a tempos imemoriais, mas devido ao envelhecimento da população, houve crescente organização de tal prática, com serviços de atenção domiciliar. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conhecer o processo de cuidado no Serviço de Atenção Domiciliar de um município de médio porte no Estado de São Paulo como componente da Rede de Urgência e Emergência. É um estudo de caso, qualitativo, usando a cartografia no campo de pesquisa. Também se realizaram entrevistas com cuidadoras e uma enfermeira hospitalar, e um grupo focal com enfermeiras da Atenção Básica. Para análise dos dados, a primeira aproximação do material empírico foi a definição de "planos de corte" e em seguida dos "planos de visibilidade". Identificaram-se problemas relacionados a gestão; limitações no uso do sistema de informação; isolamento do Serviço de Atenção Domiciliar em relação aos demais serviços da rede de saúde; limitações da Atenção Básica para apoiar efetivamente o serviço; sobrecarga do cuidador; e necessidade de estratégias de apoio.

Abstract Caring for sick people in their homes refers to time immemorial, but due to the aging of the population, there has been an increasing organization of such practice, with home care services. This research work aimed at knowing the care process in the Home Care Service of a medium-sized municipality in the State of São Paulo as a component of the Urgency and Emergency Network. It is a qualitative case study, using cartography in the research field. Interviews were also conducted with caregivers and a hospital nurse, and a focus group with Primary Care nurses. For data analysis, the first approximation of the empirical material was the definition of "cutting plans" and then "visibility plans". Management-related problems were identified; limitations in the use of the information system; isolation of the Home Care Service in relation to other services in the health network; limitations of Primary Care to effectively support the service; caregiver burden; and need for support strategies.

Experiências de pessoas idosas que participam de grupos de convivência / Experiences of elderly people who participate in social groups / Experiencias de personas mayores que participan de grupos de convivencia

Objetivo: apreender experiências de pessoas idosas que participam de grupos de convivência. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório de abordagem qualitativa realizado com doze pessoas idosas que frequentam grupos de convivência em um município no interior da Bahia. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, dezembro de 2017 a fevereiro de 2018. Os dados foram analisados e interpretados conforme a análise de conteúdo temática proposta por Laurence Bardin. Resultados: após a análise emergiram seis categorias: melhoria na condição de saúde; evitar a solidão, fonte de suporte social; apoio e incentivo familiar; atividades aquáticas e dança. Conclusão: O estudo mostrou que a participação de pessoas idosas em grupos de convivência se mostra necessária, devido melhorias na qualidade de vida, na autoestima, na construção de vínculos e apoio social, no qual auxilia-as em todo o processo de envelhecimento

Objective: to learn the experiences of elderly people who participate in social groups. Method: a descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative approach carried out with twelve elderly people who attend social groups in a municipality in the interior of Bahia. The data were collected through a semi structured interview, from December 2017 to February 2018. Data were analyzed and interpreted according to the thematic content analysis proposed by Laurence Bardin. Results: seven categories emerged after the analysis: improvement in health status; avoid loneliness, source of social support; family support and encouragement; water activities and dancing. Conclusion: The study showed that the participation of elderly people in social groups is necessary due to improvements in the quality of life, self-esteem, the forging of bonds and social support that help them throughout the aging process

Objetivo: aprehender experiencias de personas mayores que participan en centros de convivencia. Método: estudio descriptivo, exploratorio de abordaje cualitativo realizado con doce personas mayores que frecuentan grupos de convivencia en un municipio en el interior de Bahía. La recolección de los datos fue realizada por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada, diciembre de 2017 a febrero de 2018. Los datos fueron analizados e interpretados según el análisis de contenido temático propuesto por Laurence Bardin. Resultados: después del análisis emergieron siete categorías: mejora en la condición de salud; evitar la soledad, fuente de soporte social; apoyo y fomento de la familia; actividades acuáticas y danza. Conclusión: el estudio mostró que la participación de personas mayores en grupos de convivencia se muestra necesaria, debido a mejoras en la calidad de vida, en la autoestima, en la construcción de vínculos y apoyo social, en el que las auxilia en todo el proceso de envejecimiento

Factors associated with leisure activities of elderly residents in rural areas / Factores relacionados a las actividades recreativas de ancianos residentes en la zona rural / Fatores associados às atividades de lazer de idosos residentes na zona rural

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify factors associated with leisure activities of elderly residents in rural areas. Method: Quantitative cross-sectional study carried out with 258 elderly living in the rural area of Paraná. The collection instrument addressed sociodemographic, economic, and self-reported leisure activities. The association between variables and leisure activities was verified by means of bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Among the elderly interviewed, 63.9% were female, and 36.1% were male, with an average of 68.3 years old (± 5.8 years). Participation in leisure activities was high (79.8%), and the factors associated with their practice were: marital status, gender, and education. Conclusion: Considering that the practice of leisure activities promotes better living and health conditions, we reinforce the need to implement actions and instruments that provide individual and collective leisure in rural areas.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar los factores relacionados a las actividades recreativas de ancianos residentes en la zona rural. Método: Estudio transversal cuantitativo realizado con 258 ancianos residentes en el área rural de Paraná. El instrumento para la recogida abordó cuestiones sociodemográficas, económicas y actividades recreativas autoreferidas. La relación entre las variables y las actividades recreativas ha sido verificada por medio de análisis bivariado y multivariado. Resultados: Entre los ancianos entrevistados, 63,9% fueron del sexo femenino y 36,1% del sexo masculino, con media de edad de 68,3 años (± 5,8 años). La participación en actividades recreativas ha sido alta (79,8%), y los factores que se asociaron a su práctica han sido: situación conyugal, sexo y escolaridad. Conclusión: Considerando que la práctica de actividades recreativas promueve mejores condiciones de vida y salud, se refuerza la necesidad de implementación de acciones e instrumentos que proporcionen ocio individual y colectivo en el espacio rural.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar os fatores associados às atividades de lazer de idosos residentes na zona rural. Método: Estudo transversal quantitativo realizado com 258 idosos residentes na área rural do Paraná. O instrumento para a coleta abordou questões sociodemográficas, econômicas e atividades de lazer autorreferidas. A associação entre as variáveis e as atividades de lazer foi verificada por meio de análise bivariada e multivariada. Resultados: Entre os idosos entrevistados, 63,9% eram do sexo feminino e 36,1% do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 68,3 anos (± 5,8 anos). A participação em atividades de lazer foi alta (79,8%), e os fatores que se associaram à sua prática foram: situação conjugal, sexo e escolaridade. Conclusão: Considerando que a prática de atividades de lazer promove melhores condições de vida e saúde, reforça-se a necessidade de implementação de ações e instrumentos que proporcionem lazer individual e coletivo no espaço rural.

Fatores associados à utilização dos serviços de saúde por homens idosos: uma revisão sistemática da literatura / Factors associated with the use of the health services by elderly men: a systematic review of the literature

Resumo Foi conduzida uma revisão sistemática da literatura de estudos epidemiológicos analíticos sobre os fatores associados à utilização dos serviços de saúde por homens idosos. Foram utilizadas quatro bases de dados, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e Lilacs, e os seguintes descritores "serviços de saúde", "serviços de saúde para idosos", "idoso", "idoso de 80 anos ou mais", "homem" e "saúde do homem" e seus correspondentes na língua inglesa. Foram encontrados 1.782 artigos, e após seleção com leitura independente de resumos e artigos completos, oito foram incluídos na revisão. O modelo de Utilização dos Serviços de Saúde guiou a apresentação dos resultados. Foram identificados como fatores predisponentes associados ao uso: local de residência, hábitos de vida, faixa etária, história familiar, educação e estado civil; fatores de capacitação: utilização de serviço privado de saúde e posse de seguro de saúde; por fim, fatores de necessidade: percepção do estado de saúde, susceptibilidade percebida ao stress, histórico médico, comorbidades e status funcional. A temática do envelhecimento da população masculina ainda é pouco estudada e merece atenção especial para reconhecer como os homens idosos expressam suas necessidades e como estão sendo absorvidos pelos sistemas de cuidado em saúde.

Abstract A systematic review of the literature on analytical epidemiologic studies about factors associated with the use of health services by elderly men was conducted. Four databases were researched, namely PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Lilacs and the following key words "health services," "health services for the aged," "aged," "aged 80 and over," "men" and "men's health" and their corresponding expressions in Portuguese were used. After independent reading and selection of the abstracts and full texts of the 1782 articles located, only eight were included in this review. The Health Services Utilization model assisted in the presentation of the results. Predisposing factors associated with regard to the use of the healthcare services were identified: place of residence; lifestyle habits; age bracket; family history; education and marital status; training factors: private health services use and affiliation to a health insurance plan; effective factors of need; perception of health status; perceived susceptibility to stress; medical history; comorbidities; and functional status. The issue of aging among the male population is still poorly studied and deserves special attention to establish how elderly men express their needs and how they are being assisted by healthcare systems.

Investigating the Adoption of Mobile Health Services by Elderly Users: Trust Transfer Model and Survey Study.

BACKGROUND: Although elderly users comprise a major user group in the field of mobile health (mHealth) services, their adoption rate of such services is relatively low compared with their use of traditional health services. Increasing the adoption rate of mHealth services among elderly users is beneficial to the aging process. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the determinants of mHealth service use intentions using a trust transfer model among elderly users facing declining physiological conditions and lacking support from hospitals. METHODS: A survey comprising 395 users aged 60 years and above was conducted in China to validate our research model and hypotheses. RESULTS: The results reveal that (1) trust in mHealth services positively influences use intentions, (2) trust in offline health services positively influences trust in mHealth services, (3) declining physiological conditions strengthen the effects of trust in offline health services regarding trust in mHealth services, (4) support from hospitals weakens the effects of trust in mHealth services on use intentions, and (5) the relationship between trust in offline health services and intention to use mHealth services is partially mediated by trust in mHealth services. The independent variables and moderators collectively explain a 48.3% variance in the use intention of mHealth services. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the trust transfer theory is useful in explaining the development of initial trust in mHealth services. In addition, declining physiological conditions and support from hospitals are important factors for investigating the adoption of mHealth services among elderly users.

The coexistence center for elderly people and its importance in the support to the family and the Health Care Network / El centro de convivencia para personas mayores y su importancia en el apoyo a la familia y a la red de Atención a la Salud / O centro de convivência para idosos e sua importância no suporte à família e à Rede de Atenção à Saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the perception of relatives of elderly people about the coexistence center and its importance in supporting the Health Care Network. Methodology: A qualitative study carried out with 14 relatives of elderly people participating in a coexistence center. Data collection took place in January 2016 through individual interviews, which were recorded, transcribed and submitted to content analysis. The results were discussed in the light of the theoretical referential of health promotion. Results: The elderly's participation in the coexistence center was an alternative to support care and institutionalization, provided time for self-care and to maintain or engage in the formal labor market and positively influenced the family relationships. Conclusion: The coexistence center was set up as a health promotion institution, being jointly responsible for the care of the elderly with the Health Care Network and the families.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer la percepción de familiares de ancianos sobre la importancia del centro de convivencia en el soporte a la Red de Atención a la Salud. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo realizado con 14 familiares en un centro de convivencia. Datos recolectados en enero de 2016 por medio de entrevistas individuales grabadas, transcritas y sometidas al análisis de contenido. Los resultados fueron discutidos a la luz del referencial teórico de la promoción de la salud. Resultados: La participación de la persona mayor en el centro de convivencia fue una alternativa de apoyo al cuidado y a la institucionalización, proporcionó disponibilidad de tiempo para el cuidado de si y para mantener o comprometerse en el mercado de trabajo formal e influenció positivamente las relaciones familiares. Conclusión: El centro de convivencia se estableció como una institución de promoción de la salud, responsable por el cuidado de los mayores y sus familias.

RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção de familiares de idosos acerca da importância do centro de convivência no suporte à família e à Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Método: Estudo qualitativo realizado com 14 familiares de idosos participantes de um centro de convivência. A coleta de dados ocorreu em janeiro de 2016 por meio de entrevistas individuais, às quais foram gravadas, transcritas e submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados foram discutidos à luz do referencial teórico da Promoção da Saúde. Resultados: Para os familiares a participação do idoso no centro de convivência foi uma alternativa de apoio ao cuidado e à institucionalização, proporcionou disponibilidade de tempo para o cuidado de si e para manter ou engajar-se no mercado de trabalho formal e influenciou positivamente as relações familiares. Conclusão: O centro de convivência configurou-se como instituição promotora de saúde ao ser corresponsável pelo cuidado dos idosos junto à Rede de Atenção à Saúde e às famílias.

Feasibility study on the combination of elderly-care and medical care offered by community health centers / 中华医院管理杂志

Based on literature review and on-site investigation, this paper analyzed the current policies, regulations, supply and demand dilemma and practical mode of such a combination, as well as the feasibility from the views of current policies, service offering and the practice. It is recommended to build a service system centering on " public health services + basic medical care + community elderly/medical support" , with services enriched and supportive mechanisms supplemented, thus transforming community health centers.

Qualidade de vida e autoestima em idosas submetidas e não submetidas à cirurgia estética / Quality of life and self-esteem in elderly patients who did or did not have cosmetic surgery

Introdução: A realidade do envelhecimento populacional chegou ao campo da Cirurgia Plástica, provada pelo crescimento do número de idosos que se submetem à cirurgia estética (CE). A pesquisa objetiva avaliar a importância da CE para o idoso, e se existe diferença de qualidade de vida e autoestima entre idosas que se submeteram e que não se submeteram à cirurgia estética. Métodos: Pesquisa casocontrole, sendo o grupo-caso formado por 25 idosas que se submeteram à CE e o grupo-controle por 25 idosas que não fizeram CE, pareados pelos dados socioeconômicos. Os instrumentos aplicados foram: Minimental, questionário de qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-BREF), escala de autoestima de Rosenberg e um questionário elaborado para pesquisa de dados sociodemográficos, motivação e satisfação com a CE. Resultados: A média de idade foi 67,26 anos e a escolaridade média, de 9,96 anos. As cirurgias mais realizadas foram a abdominoplastia e a blefaroplastia. Os motivos mais escolhidos foram o desconforto físico, o desejo de melhoria da qualidade de vida (QV) e a insatisfação com a autoimagem. Não foram encontradas idosas com baixa autoestima e o nível de satisfação foi alto quando relacionado com a própria vida ou a vida social. Não houve diferença de QV e autoestima entre os dois grupos analisados. Conclusão: As motivações das idosas para realização de CE são de ordem física e psicológica. Não houve diferença de QV e autoestima entre idosas submetidas e não submetidas à CE. Analisando-se as idosas submetidas à CE, foram comprovados altos níveis de satisfação pessoal e na vida social.

Introduction: The reality of aging has caught up with the field of plastic surgery, shown by the growth in the number of elderly patients who undergo cosmetic surgery (CS). To evaluate its importance in elderly women, this study examined differences in quality of life and self-esteem among those who did or did not undergo CS. Methods: This casecontrol study included 25 elderly women who underwent CS and a control group of 25 elderly women who did not undergo CS; the groups were matched by socioeconomic data. Assessment methods included the Mini-Mental State Examination, a quality of life (QOL) questionnaire (World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and a questionnaire developed for the study of sociodemographic data, motivation, and satisfaction with CS. Results: The mean age was 67.26 years, with a mean of 9.96 years of education. The most common surgeries were abdominoplasty and blepharoplasty. The most common motivations were physical discomfort, desire to improve QOL, and dissatisfaction with self-image. No subjects were found to have low self-esteem and the level of satisfaction with personal or social life was high. There was no difference in QOL or self-esteem between the 2 groups. Conclusion: Physical and psychological motivations cause the elderly to undergo CS. There was no difference in QOL or self-esteem among elderly women who did or did not have CS. Elderly women who underwent CS showed high levels of satisfaction with their personal and social life.

Avaliação Multidimensional do Idoso: resultados em um grupo de indivíduos vinculados a uma operadora de planos de saúde / Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment: results in a group of elders linked to a health plan operator / Evaluación Multidimensional del Anciano: resultados en un grupo de individuos vinculados a una operadora de planes de salud

O sistema de saúde deve ser capaz de identificar idosos com maiores necessidades de atenção, a fim de postergar ao máximo a perda da capacidade funcional. Esta pesquisa descreve os achados obtidos pela aplicação da Avaliação Multidimensional do Idoso a um grupo de pessoas acima de 65 anos vinculadas a um plano de saúde, moradoras na cidade de São Paulo, SP. O grupo pesquisado apresenta média de idade elevada, predomínio de mulheres e agravos que ocasionam comprometimento importante da capacidade funcional de seus membros.

The health system should be able to identify older people with greater attention needs in order to foregone as much as possible the loss of functional capacity. This study describes the findings obtained by the application of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment to a group of people over 65 years old linked to a health plan, living in the city of São Paulo. The studied group had a high age average, a predominance of women and injuries that caused important impairment of their functional capacity.

El sistema de salud debe ser capaz de identificar a los ancianos con mayores necesidades de atención, a fin de postergar al máximo la pérdida de la capacidad funcional. Esta investigación describe los hallazgos obtenidos por la aplicación de la Evaluación Multidimensional del Anciano a un grupo de personas mayores de 65 años vinculadas a un plan de salud, residentes en la ciudad de São Paulo. El grupo investigado presenta un promedio de edad elevada, predominio de mujeres y agravios que ocasionan un compromiso importante de la capacidad funcional de sus miembros.

Reforming foodservice in elderly care: National actions and local outcomes.

AIM: The aim was to explore the outcome, on a local level, of steering, organisation and practices of elderly care foodservice by Swedish municipalities, and changes relative to national actions. METHODS: A survey using a web-based questionnaire about elderly care foodservice targeting all Swedish municipalities (n = 290) was conducted in 2006 and 2013/2014. The questionnaire included the topics: organisation of foodservice, its practice in elderly care and steering devices such as guidelines and policies. Based on the share of a rural population, municipalities were divided into groups: rural (≥50%), urban (<50%) and city (≤20%). RESULTS: The response rate from municipalities was 80% in 2006 and 56% in 2013/2014; 45% participated in both surveys. The results showed increased use of local food policies (P = 0.03) and meal choice (P < 0.001), while access to clinical/community dietitians declined (P = 0.01) between the surveys. In home-help services, daily delivered cook-serve meals declined (P < 0.001) and chilled meals delivered three times a week increased (P = 0.002) between the surveys. City municipalities used private foodservice organisations the most (P < 0.001), and reported reduced use of cook-serve systems in favour of chilled. In rural municipalities, the use of public providers (98%) and a cook-serve system (94%) were firmly established. Urban municipalities were placed between the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: National actions such as soft governance and benchmarking appear largely to determine local level outcomes. However, conditions for adapting these measures vary between municipality groups. While efficiency enhancing trends were prominent, questions remain whether national actions should be expanded beyond performance to also examine their consequences.

Sociodemographic and clinical profile of the elderly in Home Physiotherapy Programs / Perfil sociodemográfico e clínico da pessoa idosa em Programas de Fisioterapia Domiciliar

The Brazilian population ages in an accelerated and progressive way. Evaluative studies that seek to trace the sociodemographic and clinical profile of the elderly in Home Physiotherapy programs of a given region is of great relevance as an indicator for the implementation of public and private services, avoiding unnecessary expenses, adequate resources and providing essential information for the direction of actions in home care. The objective of this research was to characterize the sociodemographic and clinical profile of the elderly people in home physiotherapy programs. This is an analytical study and cross-sectional design with elderly people from the public and private sectors using the Elderly Person's Health Handbook. The studied population was of 241 elderly with predominantly females in the two groups (average of 70.4%)…

A população brasileira envelhece de forma acelerada e progressiva. Estudos avaliativos que buscam traçar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico da pessoa idosa em programas de Fisioterapia Domiciliar de determinada região é de grande relevância funcionando como indicador para implementação de serviços públicos e privados, evitando gastos desnecessários, recursos adequados e fornecendo informações imprescindíveis para o direcionamento de ações na assistência domiciliar. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico da pessoa idosa em programas de fisioterapia domiciliar. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter analítico e delineamento transversal com idosos do setor público e privado utilizando a Caderneta de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa. A população estudada foi de 241 idosos com predominância para o gênero feminino nos dois grupos (média de 70,4%)...

How do old men take care of their own health in Primary Care? / ¿Cómo los ancianos cuidan de su propia salud en la atención básica? / Como homens idosos cuidam de sua própria saúde na atenção básica?

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the care of elderly men with their own health. Method: A qualitative study with the participation of ten elderly men, through responses to the semi-structured interview guided by the "Tell me about your experiences of care with your health", carried out in a basic health unit, during the period of October-December 2014. The speeches, after being transcribed were submitted to content analysis. Results: The ten interviewees were retired and had an average age of 67.3 years. From the analysis of the data, two categories have emerged: Elderly health care ways and health service as a supporter in the care (less) of the elderly, which revealed the restriction of health care to the triad: medicines, consultation to professionals and exams. Final considerations: Institutional and sociocultural barriers that need to be overcome so that the male population can be consolidated, guaranteeing care of their peculiarities, encouraging active behaviors for self-care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender el cuidado de los ancianos con la propia salud. Método: Estudio cualitativo con participación de diez hombres ancianos, por medio de respuestas a la entrevista semiestructurada orientada por la cuestión "Cuéntame sus experiencias de cuidados con su salud", realizada en unidad básica de salud, en el período de octubre-diciembre de 2014. Las palabras, después de transcritas, fueron sometidas al análisis de contenido. Resultados: Los diez entrevistados eran jubilados y tenían en promedio 67,3 años de edad. A partir del análisis de los datos, surgieron dos categorías: Formas de atención a la salud por el hombre mayor y el servicio de salud como apoyador en el cuidado del hombre mayor, que revelaron la restricción de los cuidados con la propia salud a la tríada: medicamentos, consulta a profesionales y exámenes. Consideraciones finales: Barreras institucionales y socioculturales que necesitan ser superadas para que se pueda consolidar acogida a la población masculina, garantizando atención de sus peculiaridades, con estímulo de comportamientos activos para el autocuidado.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender os cuidados de homens idosos com a própria saúde. Método: Estudo qualitativo com participação de dez homens idosos, por meio de respostas à entrevista semiestruturada norteada pela questão "Conte-me suas experiências de cuidados com sua saúde", realizada em unidade básica de saúde, no período de outubro-dezembro de 2014. As falas, depois de transcritas, foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Os dez entrevistados eram aposentados e tinham em média 67,3 anos de idade. A partir da análise dos dados, emergiram duas categorias: Formas de cuidados à saúde pelo homem idoso e serviço de saúde como apoiador no (des) cuidado do homem idoso, que revelaram a restrição dos cuidados com a própria saúde à tríade: medicamentos, consulta a profissionais e exames. Considerações finais: Barreiras institucionais e socioculturais que necessitam ser superadas para que se possa consolidar acolhimento à população masculina, garantindo atendimento de suas peculiaridades, com estímulo de comportamentos ativos para o autocuidado.

Willingness to Pay for Elderly Telecare Service Using the Internet and Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting.

BACKGROUND: In Japan over the past few years, more attention has been focused on unnoticed solitary death in the context of an aging society and the trend toward nuclear family. A number of institutions and companies have implemented a prevention measure with digital terrestrial broadcasting telecare services for the elderly: Hokkaido University; TV-Asahi Corporation; Hitachi, Ltd; Iwamizawa City; Hokkaido Television Broadcasting Co, Ltd; and Hamanasu Information Co, Ltd. Although this system is provided free of charge as a demonstration test, determining the appropriate price for the service is required for its sustainable operation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to quantify individual willingness to pay (WTP) so as to test the tenability of digital terrestrial broadcasting service for elderly telecare. METHODS: We used the contingent valuation method (CVM) to estimate the WTP for this service among 305 citizens (valid response rate 76.0%) living in Japan. A questionnaire survey was conducted for people aged 18 to 100 years according to Japanese age distribution from September 2016. To elicit WTP, we adopted a double-bound dichotomous choice method to ask the respondents whether they agree or disagree with the price we offered. RESULTS: The median WTP for this service's monthly fee is estimated to be 431 JPY (approximately US $3.7). The finding suggests that gender (0.66, P=.01), health consciousness (1.08, P=.01), willingness to use (2.38, P<.001), and seeing others less than once a week (1.00, P=.06) made a positive effect on WTP. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that reliable WTP was elicited by CVM based on an Internet survey. Calculated median WTP for digital terrestrial broadcasting service for elderly telecare was 431 JPY (approximately US $3.7). In the analysis of factors that affect WTP, constant factors, log-bid, health consciousness, gender, see others less than one time for week, and willingness to use made positive effect to probability of acceptance. In comparison of WTP in different groups, age groups showed that WTP of the elderly group was higher than WTP of the middle age group and younger age group. However, WTP surveys need to be carefully conducted to minimize the sampling bias and allocate accurate structure of gender distribution.